Digital nomads: the future of work

Digital nomad is a new profession

Digital nomad- This is a professional who works remotely from anywhere in the world, using only a computer with internet access. Unlike freelancers, digital nomads work for companies, but their contracts do not require mandatory office attendance, allowing them to choose their place of residence.

The term "digital nomad" was introduced by Tsugio Makimoto and David Manners in 1997. They predicted that technological progress would open new opportunities for people, presenting them with a choice between a nomadic and a sedentary lifestyle, which had not been relevant before. Scholars also discussed issues related to nomadism even before the digital era, including taxation matters.

The diversity of professions for digital nomads

Digital nomads include not only IT professionals, but also other professions such as marketers, social media specialists, copywriters, designers, as well as teachers, psychologists and lawyers who offer online courses or consultations via the Internet. Experts estimate that there are already there are between 50 and 200 million people who work remotely or may become digital nomads.

Changes in consciousness and lifestyle

With the development of high-speed internet, people's perceptions of life and work have changed. Young and enterprising freelancers from Europe and America were the first to work by the ocean with their laptops (it is worth noting that modern remote workers have moved away from this stereotype).

However, while such steps were rare before 2020, during and after the pandemic, the migration of specialists has become a widespread phenomenon that requires the attention of governments in various countries.

The effectiveness of remote work

The epidemic and lockdowns have shown company management and employees that remote work or hybrid formats (a combination of telecommuting and office work) are often more effective. They are convenient for staff and cost-effective for business.

When we gaze into the vast blue of the sky, our minds are filled with the splendor of the cosmos and the mysteries of the universe.

Before us unfold star clusters, planets, and asteroids, the study of which stimulates our eager spirit of discovery. Humanity has had an interest in astronomy since ancient times; researchers tirelessly strive to decipher the galaxies and the facts that lie beyond our planet. For centuries, people have marveled at the endless mystery of the cosmos and have tried to unveil its secrets.

Looking up at the night sky reminds us how small we are compared to infinity.

The desire for the stars and planets creates in us a desire to understand our role in this vast merry-go-round of the cosmos. The study of astronomy is crucial to understanding the origins of all things and our place in the universe. Every day, scientists around the world are working on new hypotheses and discovering unlocking unexplored mysteries that hold the key to understanding the laws of the cosmos.

Our quest for knowledge of space also inspires new generations of explorers and scientists to investigate the depths of the Universe.

Every new step in astronomy opens up new perspectives and opportunities for exploring the cosmos. Observing stars and planets not only broadens our horizons but also helps us better understand the phenomena occurring in the Universe.

Modern technologies make it possible to explore space in depth, allowing us to get closer to the mysteries of the Universe and decipher its main enigmas.

Overview astronomy, the work of space telescopes, missions to other planets - all of this is just a part of the extensive effort to uncover the depths of space and its multifaceted forms.

The true beauty of the cosmos reveals to us the grand landscapes and splendor of the of planets and stars.

Studying astronomy helps us appreciate the grandeur of the Universe and understand how complex and amazing its mechanisms are. Setting up a telescope under the night sky allows us to immerse ourselves in the world of stars and planets, examining every point of light and uncovering new mysteries.

Knowledge of space and its laws is the key to understanding the origin of life and the development of the Universe.

The study of astronomy helps us delve into the depths of the cosmos, expanding our understanding of how the world around us is structured.

Desire to move to another country?

If you are interested in the possibility of working and developing in the US, you cannot do without a green card. It is especially important for digital nomads who need a green card for their stable stay abroad. abroad.

Advantages of being a digital nomad

Before making a final decision on legalizing status, it is important to understand what opportunities this status provides and what requirements must be met. Research shows that incoming specialists significantly contribute to innovation and technological development in various countries.

Startup visa program

One of the most popular legalization programs for digital nomads is the startup visa. Many countries offer this program to attract entrepreneurs from abroad. It is important to note that although the name of such programs contains the word "visa," it actually refers to a residence permit (RP), which is necessary for long-term living abroad.

Variations in requirements for digital nomads in different countries

The conditions for digital nomads vary significantly across different countries, creating unique opportunities for international professionals. Some countries prefer that digital nomads have a local client to optimize tax processes, while others are open to collaborating with companies from anywhere in the world. However, in most cases, digital nomads remain tax residents of their home country and are not required to pay taxes in the country where they are temporarily residing. In some jurisdictions, such as Estonia, foreign workers must start paying taxes after 183 days of staying in the country.

Criteria for selection for obtaining a residence permit

Obtaining residence permits for digital nomads can be denied for several reasons, such as insufficient income, lack of employment, insufficient funds in the account, providing false information, or having a criminal record for serious offenses. Many countries have already launched or announced programs for digital nomads, offering a variety of opportunities.

Examples of programs in different countries

• Cyprus:From the beginning of 2022, Cyprus is offering digital nomads the opportunity to obtain a residency, but the quota is limited to 100 persons per year. The minimum income for the main applicant is €3,500 per month, with additional requirements for his/her family members. For the status of tax resident status is only 60 days of residence in the country.
• Greece:September 2021 brought the introduction of a visa program for digital nomads. The program offers a two-year residence permit with the possibility of extending it to four years, and after nine years, it is possible to obtain citizenship. To participate, a contract with a foreign company is required, with no set start date for work, and passive income is not a barrier either.

It is important to note that the cost of living in Cyprus is roughly comparable to that of Moscow; however, a slightly higher income will be needed to maintain the same level of comfort. Greece also has its own features and requirements that should be taken into account when choosing a place for long-term residence and work.

The residence permit program for digital nomads in Greece

The residence permit program for digital nomads in Greece has become a reliable way for many Russians to legalize their status amid sanctions. This route allows individuals to obtain a residence permit, gain access to bank accounts, and carry out various financial operations, such as purchasing real estate and conducting business in Schengen Area countries.

Conditions for participation in the program

Under the terms of the program, applicants must demonstrate a minimum monthly income, in accordance with the established norms. For example, for the principal applicant, this income is at least €3,500 Euros per month, with an additional 20% for the spouse and 15% for each child, providing at least 5,200 Euros per month for a family of three. per month for a family of three.

To confirm the status of an entrepreneur, a foreigner must provide the relevant documents proving ownership of the company. One of the key points is the requirement to reside in Greece for at least 180 days a year for holders of residence permits.

The process of obtaining residence permits

The process of obtaining residence permits begins with submitting an application, after which the applicant receives a "blue certificate" from the ministry, and then, in about 1.5 to 2 months, a plastic card confirming their status. This process is available for both self-submission of documents and through agencies that specialize in legalization issues.

Advantages of the program

In the context of frozen "golden visas" for Russian citizens, Greece's program becomes an important alternative route for legalization and ensuring freedom of movement in Europe. Obtaining residence permits opens up new opportunities for business owners and individual entrepreneurs, contributing to economic development and the expansion of cultural ties in the region.

Interest in program in 2022

Interest in the program significantly increased in April 2022, especially among various professional groups, including programmers, lawyers, psychologists, and teachers. Local realtors have noted an increase in the number of clients interested in obtaining residence permits for digital nomads.

Important points

• It is necessary to indicate that the employee is working remotely.
• The holder of a digital nomad residence permit must reside in Greece for at least 180 days a year.

The bank card of a residence permit applicant for a digital nomad must have a minimum amount for the year. With a monthly limit of 3,500 euros, one person needs to have 40,000 euros for 12 months, and a family of parents and a child needs 60,000 euros.

Local realtors note an increase in interest in obtaining residency permits for digital nomads in April 2022. The professional background of those interested is very diverse, ranging from young people to older individuals who have online businesses. Among the applicants are programmers, lawyers, psychologists, and teachers.

D 7 visa to Portugal

If you choose this option, the process will be quick, and the result is almost guaranteed. However, you should consider the costs of intermediary services. The cost of living in Greece is significantly lower than in Moscow.

Foreigners moving to Portugal can send their children to local public schools, where classes are conducted in Portuguese. Some prefer private institutions for 350 euros a month or international schools with English instruction, which can cost up to 1000 euros per month.

Italy has developed a new visa program for digital nomads, but it is not yet in effect. According to the law, nomads can obtain a work visa and a residence permit for 1 year, with the possibility of extending it for another year. However, this requires high qualifications and specific criteria.

To obtain a digital nomad visa in Italy, you need a medical policy, a criminal record certificate and proof of income. A visa for the self-employed is an alternative, but the quota is limited.

The cost of living in Naples is lower than in Moscow. To maintain a similar standard of living in Moscow, you need to earn 1000 euros, while in Naples, 853 euros is enough.

Spain is also working on visa legislation for digital nomads. The startup bill provides for residency without a work visa, but it has been under discussion in parliament since 2022. The proposed visa needs further refinement.

For foreigners working in foreign companies and not being residents of the European Union, Spain has created a new visa program. One of the main requirements is to have at least 20% of income from Spanish companies. The startup visa is valid for one year, with the possibility of extending it for another two years. However, if a person does not meet the requirements, the visa can be revoked.

Alternative visa program in Spain

Spain also has an alternative visa program for self-employed individuals. Citizens of the EU and other countries can obtain a residence permit in the country for a year, provided they have sufficient funds and pass a background check. The cost of living in Spain is comparable to that in Moscow, making it an attractive destination for digital nomads.

Temporary residence in Croatia

In Croatia, there is a temporary residence program for digital nomads based on the Foreigners Act, which has been in effect since 2021. Unlike other countries, Croatia issues a temporary residence permit for 6 months, after which you must leave the country for 90 days and reapply. The program does not provide a pathway to citizenship.

Requirements for temporary residence permit in Croatia

• Proof of remote work for a foreign company or as a founder of a company outside the country.
• The minimum income is about 2,400 euros per month, plus an additional 10% for each family member.
• Providing an annual income of around 28,800 euros in the absence of a permanent income.

Digital nomads: opportunities for work and life abroad

The opportunity to move abroad for work and life is becoming increasingly attractive for digital nomads. One of the popular destinations is Croatia, where, in addition to the need for health insurance policies and registration at the place of residence, there is the option to rent housing. The cost of living here is relatively affordable: average monthly expenses in Dubrovnik amount to 755 euros, allowing for a comfort level comparable to that of Moscow with an income of 1000 euros (data from Numbeo).

Dubai

Another attractive destination for digital nomads is Dubai. According to the Savills ranking, this city ranks second after Lisbon as one of the best places for digital nomads. It offers a one-year visa for remote workers and travelers, which requires a yearly contract with an employer from another country or proof of business ownership for at least a year. The minimum monthly income for applicants must be $5,000.

Since September 2022, Dubai has also introduced the option to obtain a "green visa" for five years for freelancers with a monthly income of at least 15,000 dirhams ($4,050). However, the cost of living here is high: expenses in Dubai amounting to 1,168 euros provide a standard of living comparable to 1,000 euros in Moscow. Rent is particularly expensive: a one-bedroom apartment in the city center averages 1,500 euros per month, with a one-year lease and a requirement for advance payment. The increased demand from foreigners continues to support high rental rates.

Thailand

Thailand also offers attractive options for digital nomads. To obtain a smart visa for four years, a work contract with a foreign company is required, along with proof of qualifications and experience. Another option is the LTR (long-term relationship) visa, which grants residency for up to 10 years along with family and is tailored for digital nomads, retirees, and other categories of foreigners.

Thus, the choice of a place to work and live abroad depends on many factors, including financial stability, living conditions, and the specifics of visa policies. Each country offers its unique conditions, opening up new opportunities for digital nomads around the world.

Conclusion

The phenomenon of digital nomads represents not only a change in work practices but also a cultural shift in the perception of work and life. With the development of technology and the challenges posed by the pandemic, millions of people around the world have gained the freedom to choose where to work and live. Companies based on online interactions and new startups are actively implementing hybrid and remote work formats, demonstrating their effectiveness and economic appeal. States, in turn, are competing for this influx of specialists by creating special visa programs and attractive living conditions. Despite changes in the policies of some companies regarding the return of employees to offices, the trend towards the globalization of work and life is only strengthening, opening new horizons for all participants in this era of digital mobility.