How to obtain a visa and residence permit in Spain for property owners?

The appeal of Spain for Russian-speaking clients

Spain is a country of great interest for Russian-speaking people, especially when it comes to purchasing real estate. According to various analytical research centers, in 2017, Spain ranked first among the countries where people are eager to invest in housing. Many individuals decide to buy an apartment or a house for both temporary vacations and permanent residence. Statistics from the National Institute of Statistics indicate that by the beginning of 2018, about 10.1% of Spain's population consisted of foreigners, with an increase of 146,611 people or 3.2% over the past year.

Visa regime for foreign citizens

When it comes to visa regulations, Spain is part of the European Union and the Schengen Area, which implies certain conditions for visiting the country. Citizens of Russia, Belarus, and Kazakhstan are required to obtain a Schengen visa through Spain or another country participating in the Schengen Agreement. Those who have a residence permit in any EU country can visit Spain without any restrictions and stay there legally.

Golden Visa program

One of the most attractive programs for foreign investors is the so-called“golden visa”This initiative provides the opportunity for any foreign citizen willing to invest at least 500,000 euros in Spanish real estate to obtain residency. As of spring 2017, the investment immigration program in Spain has become even more sought after, surpassing similar offerings from other countries, including Portugal — over 2,000 investors have taken advantage of this opportunity.

Types of visas to enter Spain

As for the types of visas, there are several categories that allow entry into Spain:

• Single-entry visagrants the right to a single entry into the country with the right to stay for 90 days within a six-month period from the moment of crossing the border. The total duration of stay is recorded on the visa sticker.
• Double visaIt allows for two visits with a total duration of stay of up to 90 days, also within six months from the first entry; the duration is also indicated on the sticker.
• Multiple-entry visa for three monthsIt offers the possibility of multiple entries into the country within three months, with a total stay limit of 90 days. It is important to note that the total time spent should not exceed the limit specified in the visa.
• Six-month multiple-entry visaIt is valid for six months and allows multiple crossings of the border with a total stay of up to 90 days during the specified period, according to the categories on the visa sticker.

Conclusion

Thus, the process of obtaining a visa and residence permit in Spain demonstrates significant simplicity and convenience, which is very attractive to investors and real estate buyers. Spain continues to be one of the most desirable countries for living and investing, which does not go unnoticed by those who want to create comfortable conditions for existence in this sunny country. The ease of obtaining a visa and the enticing terms of the program...“golden visa”They are attracting growing interest from those who want to make Spain their second home or spend an extended period there. This amazing country delights lovers of picturesque landscapes and rich culture, opening up new horizons and opportunities for improving quality of life.

Multiple-entry visa for 12 months

A multiple-entry visa valid for 12 months opens up many opportunities for frequent trips to Spain throughout the year. With it, you can stay in the country for up to 90 days, which are accumulated over a six-month period from the date of your first entry. It should be noted that the visa specifies that the maximum stay is limited to the duration indicated on the visa sticker.

This visa belongs to the Schengen category, allowing its holders to travel freely not only within Spain but also to other countries that are part of the Schengen Area.

Rules for holders of multiple visas

It is important to note that holders of multiple visas have certain requirements. According to the Schengen Agreement rules, the first trip to any of the countries within this zone must take place in the country that issued the visa. If this rule is not followed, there may be difficulties in obtaining visas from the consulates of other Schengen countries in the future.

Visa application

To apply for a Schengen visa, citizens can contact the Spanish consulate located in Russia or use the visa centers operating in Belarus and Kazakhstan. The required documents, including itineraries, invitations, and applications, can be submitted in either Russian or Spanish.

However, it is important to remember that if the documents are written in Russian, they need to be provided in printed form.

Processing times

Obtaining a visa usually takes no more than 10 days, but if necessary, it is possible to apply for an expedited visa, which will require an additional fee. The consular fee for a regular visa is35 eurosthen contacting the visa center will require60 euros.

If the applicant is denied a visa, the consular services are required to provide a reasonable explanation for their refusal.

Biometric data

All applicants over the age of 12 who have not provided biometric information for a Schengen visa in the last 59 months must personally submit their fingerprints and take a digital photograph at the visa center.

Property owners in Spain

Moreover, property owners in Spain can apply for a multiple-entry Schengen visa, which also allows them to stay in the country for up to 90 days within a six-month period, totaling 180 days per year. They have the right to submit applications not only for themselves but also for their relatives: spouses, children, grandchildren, and parents.

Confirmation of the purpose of the trip

To confirm the purpose of their visit, property owners must provide an extract from the cadastre. This can be an original document or a copy. If the property is being purchased during the construction phase, it will also be necessary to present a contract with the developer.

Obtaining information

To find out all the details regarding the necessary documents for processing various types of visas and to review sample applications, it is recommended to refer to official sources.

Long-term visa

If your plans involve staying in Spain for more than 90 days in a six-month period, you will need a long-term visa of the category.“D”This type of visa is specifically intended for those who plan to reside in the country for an extended period of time.

To obtain a long-term visa for Spain, you will need to present compelling reasons that go far beyond a simple desire to live in the country. The main motivations for applying may include employment, studying, family reunification, as well as running your own business—whether as a sole proprietor or by participating in registered companies.

It is important to remember that all documents required for obtaining a visa must be submitted in person. They can be submitted to the Spanish embassy or consulate located in your country of permanent residence or citizenship. All documents must be prepared exclusively in Spanish, and any certificates issued in Russian must undergo translation and legalization, which can be done through the apostille system or at the Spanish consulate.

Regulation of residence permits

The process of obtaining a residence permit in Spain is governed by legislation related to foreigners. Current information about the applicable rules can be found on official websites that are available in Spanish.

Investment reasons for obtaining a residence permit

One of the most common reasons for obtaining a residence permit is investment activities, including investments in real estate. Since September 29, 2013, foreign investors have been able to apply for a residence permit thanks to the introduction of the so-called "golden visa" law. This visa allows individuals to live and work in Spain for two years. After this period, there is an option to extend the visa for another five years.

• Free movement:This will allow you to move freely between the countries of the European Union.
• Education for children:Your children will be able to study in Spanish educational institutions.
• Extension:After living in Spain for five years, you will be able to apply for an extension of your visa for the same duration, and there is no limit to the number of extensions.

Nuances to consider

Nevertheless, some details should be taken into account. For example, in order to obtain residency through the purchase of real estate, the property must cost no less than500,000 eurosThe transaction should not be carried out using a mortgage loan.

Furthermore, to reunite with close relatives who are residents, you do not have to return to your home country — you can submit the documents while already in Spain, which eliminates the need to provide a criminal record certificate. The right to obtain a residence permit also extends to:

• Common-law spouses.
• Parents who are fully supported by the applicant.
• Adult children who have not started their own families.

Obtaining a residence permit through starting a business

It is also worth familiarizing yourself with the complete guide to obtaining a residence permit in Spain through investments. Additionally, one of the grounds for obtaining a residence permit is starting your own business. Any adult foreigner legally residing in Spain and without legal issues can start a business, provided they submit a detailed business plan to obtain the corresponding residence permit. This opportunity paves the way for legal residency in Spain and promotes the development of economic relations.

Introduction

In Spain, there are several options for obtaining a residence permit, among which stands out the possibility of obtaining a visa without strict requirements for minimum investments. In contrast to the "golden visa" program, which requires significant financial contributions, for other types of visas it is sufficient to prove the availability of funds for a comfortable living.

Financial requirements

To do this, according to the rules, it is necessary to confirm the presence of at least€850Per person per month, which corresponds to the amount needed to live in Spain for a year — this is the duration expected for the initial application for a residence permit.

Opportunities for entrepreneurs

Moreover, you can submit an application even if your plan is to open a small business with minimal investment. However, a key requirement in this case is the need to demonstrate economic benefit for the Spanish economy.

To do this, it will be necessary to create a business plan that must be accredited by organizations such as:

• Federation of National Associations of Entrepreneurs and Self-Employed (ATA)
• Union of Professionals and Self-Employed (UPTA)
• Confederation of Intersectoral Self-Employed Workers of Spain (CIAE)
• Organization of Professionals and Self-Employed (OPA)
• Union of Self-Employed and Entrepreneurs Associations (UATAE)

It is especially important to note that simply having an existing company in Spain does not automatically grant a visa.

Labor employment

As for employment, foreigners who have official jobs in the country need to obtain a residence permit on that basis. First, it is necessary to get employed and obtain a work visa.

It is important to understand that as of today, Spain ranks second among EU countries in terms of unemployment, second only to Greece. This creates significant difficulties in finding a job, as the competition is not only with locals but also with other Europeans, who employers often consider first.

However, if your qualifications match the specifications of in-demand professions, your chances of finding a job significantly increase.

Student visa and work rights

In addition, foreigners who have lived in Spain on a student visa for three years or for a year on a visa that does not allow work can apply for a residence permit with the right to work, but only if they have a contract.

In this case, the requirements are less strict; however, it is essential that the net salary exceeds the average for this field and is no less than€850per month.

The significance of the Spanish language

To be more successful in job searching, it's worth acquiring at least basic communication skills in Spanish.

Who can obtain a residence permit?

The list of individuals eligible for a residence permit in Spain includes not only official spouses but also civil partners and parents who are financially dependent on the applicant. Additionally, adult children who are unmarried and under the care of a parent can also be included in this list.

Special program for retirees

Spain offers a special program designed for foreign retirees, allowing them to obtain a residence permit. This government initiative provides an opportunity for elderly individuals who have reached retirement age to get a visa that can be renewed an unlimited number of times.pensionerTo participate in this program, foreigners must become owners or tenants of property in Spain and have a verified stable annual income of at least €10,000.

Family reunification

When applying for a residence permit for family reunification, for example, for spouses and children under 18, the income requirements increase by €1500 for each family member. You will also need to gather documents that confirm the family ties with the main applicant.

Required documents for a residence permit

As for the necessary documents to obtain a residence permit in Spain, for residence without the right to work, you will need to provide a number of papers:

• Valid foreign passport and its copies
• Filled out questionnaire
• Four photographs measuring 2x3 cm
• Translated criminal record certificates (with apostille) in Spanish.
• Health status certificate
• Health insurance, preferably issued by a Spanish insurance company.
• Funds in the bank account, the amount of which should be approximately €4500.
• Contract for renting or purchasing housing in Spain

Variations in requirements depending on the type of visa

It should be noted that the document requirements may vary depending on the type of visa. For example, medical insurance is not required for employment in the country, but having a registered business in Spain is necessary. To obtain a work permit in Spain, you need to obtain a certificate of passing the exam.DELEwhich will confirm the level of Spanish language proficiency. If a student visa is planned, the situation is simpler: many universities offer master's programs in English, so a high level of Spanish is not mandatory.

Criteria for evaluating applications

When considering visa applications, not only the reasons for obtaining residency are taken into account, but it is also important to have no factors that could lead to a denial. One of the key conditions for a positive decision is the possibility that the entire family will be able to live in Spain.

Legal services

Typically, the services of a lawyer for preparing all the necessary documents cost around €300-400, and their main task is to correctly prepare the application. Therefore, for those planning to emigrate to Spain, it is especially important to study all the requirements in advance and prepare the necessary set of documents.

All official documents that need to be prepared for the application must be translated into Spanish and submitted in person by the applicant. If you have documents in Russian, they must first be translated into Spanish, and then go through the apostille and certification process at the Spanish consulate.

Procedures for obtaining a residence permit

For those who are not citizens of Spain and are looking to obtain a temporary residence permit (TRP) or permanent residence (PR), there are certain rules. In the first stage, foreigners can obtain a temporary TRP if they are coming to Spain for the first time or have previously been in the country but do not meet the requirements for a regular or permanent TRP. The basis for this can be the intention to live in Spain for up to one year with the possibility of extension.

Obtaining a regular residence permit

Foreigners who have legally resided in Spain for three years have the opportunity to apply for a regular residence permit, which can also be extended. Typically, the processing time for such an application is about three months. Consulates have the right to verify the information and documents provided by the applicant through their internal channels. In the case of a positive decision, the Spanish consulate in Moscow issues a type D visa, valid for three months.

Next, you need to visit the local immigration office (extranjería) to register your resident status. In about 2-3 weeks, a notification confirming this will be sent to the specified address. With this document, you can go to the civil registry or the ministry of labor to obtain your resident card, which will be ready a month after all necessary procedures are completed.

Extension of residence permit

• To extend a residence permit, you need to have valid grounds.
• For example, the visa is extended for one year for studies.
• For work visas — for one year with a subsequent extension for another two years, and then again for two years.
• The "Golden Visa," or investment residence permit, can be extended for five years as long as the grounds for residence are maintained.

In addition, after living in Spain for five years, you can immediately start the process of obtaining permanent residency.

Rights of permanent residents

Citizens with permanent residency status have almost the same rights and social protection as Spanish citizens; however, they do not have the right to vote, run for office, or serve in the military or law enforcement. Individuals who marry a Spanish citizen are also given the opportunity to obtain permanent residency.

Obtaining Spanish citizenship

As for obtaining Spanish citizenship, it is necessary to have legally resided in the country for at least ten years. Spanish legislation is based on two principles: the right of "blood" (by descent) and the right of "soil" (by place of birth). Thus, by being legally in Spain, you will be able to exercise your rights to obtain citizenship, provided you meet all the necessary legal requirements.

Citizenship for children born in Spain

A child born in Spain but who, for various reasons, acquires citizenship of another country has the right to apply for Spanish citizenship upon reaching the age of 18. To successfully obtain citizenship, they will need to have lived in the country legally for at least three years, for example, by studying at a Spanish university.

The blood principle of obtaining citizenship

It is important to note that the descendants of Spaniards who emigrated from the country can also claim citizenship based on kinship, as established under the so-called "blood" principle.

Dual citizenship in Spain

Spain allows dual citizenship only for citizens of certain countries with which it has historical ties. Russia is not on this list, which means that citizens of this country cannot obtain Spanish citizenship while retaining their own.

Nevertheless, the descendants of Spaniards who left their homeland during the Civil War and under the dictatorship of Franco have a simplified procedure for obtaining permanent residency and citizenship, provided they live in the country for two years.

Costs for document processing

As for the costs associated with obtaining a residence permit, the consular fees for Russian citizens are as follows:

• The cost of the visa to start the process is 4188 rubles (approximately 60 euros);
• The preliminary permit for temporary residence costs 741 rubles (about 10 euros);
• The residence permit costs 3,875 rubles (about 55 euros);
• The work residence permit costs 4341 rubles (approximately 60 euros).

Legal companies and their services

As of today, there are many legal companies offering assistance with obtaining long-term visas and residence permits in Spain. The prices for their services can range from 500 euros to several thousand, depending on the type of visa or the grounds for legal residence in the country.

Nevertheless, the final decision on issuing a residence permit is made exclusively by the Spanish consulate; no legal company can guarantee a positive response. They can only assist in preparing the necessary documents and ensuring they are properly formatted.

Reasons for refusal to issue a residence permit

Refusals to issue or extend a residence permit most often occur due to incorrect documentation or a lack of necessary information. The reasons for refusal can include:

• An incomplete set of documents;
• Errors in filling out forms and certificates;
• Lack of official translations;
• Providing false documents or misleading information.

Conditions for obtaining a residence permit

When analyzing applications, it is important to consider the grounds for obtaining a residence permit, as well as to exclude factors that could lead to a denial. For example, violations of the laws of Spain or other Schengen countries, as well as receiving rejections for similar applications from other states, can result in the denial of a request for a permanent or temporary residence permit in Spain.

Rights and obligations of foreigners with a residence permit

After obtaining a residence permit in Spain, a foreign citizen acquires certain rights and obligations. They can stay in the country for the entire year. However, it is important to know that a foreigner must be present in Spain for more than six months during that year; otherwise, they may face difficulties when trying to renew their residence permit.

If a foreigner intends to obtain permanent residency, they should avoid leaving Spain for more than six consecutive months, as this may negatively affect their ability to renew their documents.

Conclusion

In conclusion, I understand that obtaining a visa and residence permit in Spain is an important and responsible step for many who dream of living under the sunny skies of this country. Spain, with its rich culture, magnificent architecture, and pleasant climate, is becoming increasingly attractive to Russian-speaking investors and tourists.

I noted that the main advantage is the ability to receive“golden visa”Given the investment in real estate, which opens doors for long-term living and conducting business. This program has already gained popularity and shown high demand among foreign citizens, and it's not surprising considering the advantages it offers.

Understanding the visa regime is equally important, which includes various types of visas depending on the purpose of the trip. The possibility of multiple entries for property owners significantly simplifies the process for those planning frequent trips to Spain. I believe that a proper understanding of the procedures and requirements for obtaining a visa can make this process less stressful and more efficient.

I also emphasized the need to prepare all the necessary documents to avoid rejections that may arise from insufficient preparation. The key documents are:

• extracts from the cadastre;
• documents proving ownership rights that can confirm the purpose of the trip and justify interest in Spanish real estate.

Thus, after considering all the aspects, I have come to the conclusion that obtaining a visa and residence permit in Spain is not only a complex but also an exciting process that requires attention to detail and thorough preparation. Spain continues to be a dream for many, and with the right approach, this dream can become a reality. I hope this information will be useful to everyone who is planning to take the first step towards their new home in this amazing country.