Brown card, deductions, and selective bonuses: how benefits will change, hypotheses

In Italy, about 80% of housing needs modernization in order to move from low energy classes - F and G - to one or two classes higher. This will help reduce energy costs and decrease the carbon footprint. The country has the oldest housing stock in Europe, and out of 36 million apartments, approximately 29 million require updating by 2035. By 2050, the goal is to achieve climate neutrality for all homes, which was finally approved at the Ecofin meeting, despite objections from Italy and Hungary.

Directive on "green buildings"

As for the European directive on "green buildings," it will soon be published in the Official Journal of the EU and will come into effect in 20 days. Countries have two years to determine which buildings are subject to renovation.

Enea's report for 2023

According to the Enea report for 2023 regarding the events conducted with the help ofSuperbonusBy the end of 2022, makeshift modernization led to various savings in funds and types of work.

Expenses and savings

Energy efficiency and modernization costs differ. Despite the significant expenses associated withSuperbonusBy the end of March (160 billion euros), not all work leads to the same savings.

• Thermal insulation of buildings, completed by the end of 2022 on more than 222,000 facilities, resulted in an annual savings of 2,897.29 GWh at a cost of 5.47 euros per kWh.
• The replacement of windows (carried out on 458,705 objects with a saving of 1,138.68 GWh) is significantly more expensive - 10.98 euros per kWh.
• The installation of sun protection screens and blinds costs 18.59 euros per kWh, with a total savings of only 30.28 GWh from 82,000 completed jobs.
• 161,567 condensing boilers achieved savings of 411.87 GWh at a lower cost of 5.24 euros per kWh, compared to 9.18 euros per kWh for condensing heaters.
• By 2025, only hybrid heating systems will be eligible for government support, and by 2040, gas boilers will need to be phased out.
• Almost 200,000 electric compression heat pumps have been installed, resulting in savings of 1,000.34 GWh at a lower cost of 3.39 euros per kWh.

Differences in energy savings may affect the distribution of future bonuses and the need to rethink the support system, as stated by the Italian Minister of Ecology.Gilberto Pichetto FratinIt is important to direct subsidies to truly necessary projects: "Support should go to what is genuinely useful." Thus, it is possible to implement new tax deductions for wealthier citizens and direct assistance for low-income groups.