Sanabria couples sell and buy their purchases in the villages, natural areas, and at their redemption sites. The purchases of Sanabrian tribes are made in their traditional redemption sites - villages and natural areas.

The villages of Sanabria are buying their mountains.

In the early 19th century, the owners of the mountains of Sanabria were the following: the Order of Santiago, which owned the mountains of Porto, Pías, and Barjacoba; the Monastery of San Martín de Castañeda, which owned the mountains surrounding the nearby villages; and the Duke of Benavente, who owned the remaining mountains.

Mountains of the Order of Santiago

The mountains of Porto, Pias, and Barhakoba were donated by King Alfonso IX of León in the early 13th century to the Order of Santiago, to which they belonged until its dissolution in 1873, when they became state property and were sold at public auctions. A plot of land on Mount Porto called Corralés, covering 293.47 hectares, was purchased by a resident of Porto, José Barrio Carrapedo, at a public auction from the state on August 21, 1865, for the sum of 24,500 reales. He paid for it in 10 installments from 1865 to 1874, which were equal for all residents. Therefore, on May 4, 1876, the heirs of José Barrio extended the sales contract at the notary and also included neighbors who contributed their money as co-owners of this plot. The five mountains of Mount Porto were purchased on January 5, 1887, at a public auction from the state by a resident of Porto, Antonio Tomás Corrales. The five mountains were as follows: Barrero, Salgadeiros, Corbaseras, Porpasa, and Valdesirgas, with a total area of 1,002.8 hectares. The auction amount was 31,025 pesetas, paid in ten installments (from 1887 to 1895). On January 1, 1901, Antonio Tomás renounced all his rights in favor of the collective of neighbors who contributed to the acquisition of these mountains.

The villages of Sanabria are buying their mountains (*)

On June 13, 1933, the residents approved regulations for the organization and management of the community of property owners of the Porto mountains and appointed a president, secretary, and treasurer, as well as several council members. Annual general meetings were to be held on June 13 of each year and on the Sunday following the grazing lease in the mountains. The catalog of state-owned mountains in the Overseas Province from April 2019 includes the following Porto mountains: Viduál, Cabril, Los Ojos, La Corralina, Serreda, and Novesero. Although they are state-owned, they are used by local residents for a fee and are the most accessible mountains for timber extraction. Until the end of the 19th century, there was a peculiar form of lease known as emphyteutic lease, under which land was transferred for use to another person while maintaining the division of ownership rights into direct rights (belonging to the owner) and beneficial rights (the right to use and enjoy the plot). The owner of the beneficial right had to pay the owner of the direct right an annual rent in cash or in kind. The beneficial right could be alienated, transferred to another person during one's lifetime, or passed on to heirs by will. Mount Barhakoba was subject to this legal form. In 1887, a resident of Barhakoba, Pedro Pérez Primo, purchased the mountain at public auctions from the state. Its area was 202.99 hectares, and he paid 1,320 pesetas and 99 cents. On May 1, 1896, the residents of Barhakoba bought the beneficial right to one of the estates on Mount Barhakoba from the heirs of Pedro Pérez Primo for 2,301 pesetas. The condominium of the mountain also included Antonio Junquera, a resident of Benavente, who received an emphyteutic rent of two fanegas (82.814 kg) of rye annually from the owners of the beneficial rights. This was a form of temporary property arrangement, usually agricultural, which is owned by another person in exchange for the payment of annual rent in cash or in kind. Eventually, in 1912, the village purchased the emphyteutic lease from Antonio Junquera Blanco. The purchase certificate is kept in the archive where old village documents are stored, in the house of the heirs of Rogelio Alonso. The Barhakoba mountains are public. Fontanica and Mataladeira, and in Pías - La Chana, Falgár, Carbajal, Laderas, and Portilla.

Documents. The mountains of the San Martín de Castañeda monastery.

The mountains around the San Martín de Castañeda monastery were owned by the monks of this monastery until the Mendizábal disamortization in 1836, when they passed into state ownership, which sold them at public auctions to the villages that had traditionally rented them, such as Vigo de Sanabria, San Martín de Castañeda, or Ribadelago. The Sanabria Lake was purchased by the Cistercian monks from the San Martín de Castañeda monastery in 897 from the Ávolo family. After the Mendizábal disamortization in 1836, it was bought from the state by the Marquis of Villachica (D.

Mountains of Duke Benavente

In the 15th century, Queen Isabella of Castile gifted the city of Puebla de Sanabria and a large part of the mountains in that area to the Duke of Benavente. In 1779, the boundaries and geodetic measurements of these mountains were conducted, and in 1868 they were registered as the property of Puebla de Sanabria. In 1844, at the age of 30, the 12th Duke of Osuna and the 14th Duke of Benavente inherited the titles and properties of the House of Osuna after the death of his brother and began a lavish lifestyle that ruined his vast fortune. He was a military man, politician, and diplomat. As a military officer, he participated in the First Carlist War and achieved the rank of lieutenant general. As a diplomat, he served as ambassador in London, Paris, Berlin, and St. Petersburg for twelve years, managing to restore diplomatic relations with Russia (which had been broken after the death of Ferdinand VII). He was known for the lavish celebrations he organized at the Spanish embassy, which he funded himself. As a politician, he was a lifetime senator and a deputy in the Cortes for the province of Zamora. He held 52 noble titles, was a 14-time Grandee of Spain, and became the richest man in Spain of his time. His titles and properties spanned across Spain, Belgium, and Italy. As one Madrid chronicler said, "in his person were gathered the greatest wealth and honors ever possessed by a Spaniard." He never received a salary as a military officer, politician, or diplomat. In the 19th century, a popular expression emerged for someone who squanders money: "as if you were Osuna." He died bankrupt and in debt, and his properties were put up for public auction to cover the debts he had accumulated. The most significant assets, such as his library, were purchased by the state. On the left are Ignacia Bernardo de Quiros and Gonzalez de Cienfuegos. On the right is Mariano Tellez Grion, the 17th Count of Benavente. In 1878, he requested a loan of 625,000 pesetas, which was to be repaid over six years to the widow of the 1st Marquis of Pidal and her sons Luis and Alejandro Pidal y Monom, pledging these mountains as collateral. Unable to repay the debt, the widow of the condottiere duke was burdened with the mountains, which were auctioned in 1885 and valued at 174,645 pesetas. Since no one showed up, the widow of the marquis and her children bought the mountains for 116,430 pesetas. In 1884, the villages of Requejo, Lubian, Ermisende, Pedraula, Ungilde, Cobreros, Terroso, Galende, San Justo, Robleda, Otero, and Palacios refused to pay rent for the mountains to the Pidal family, claiming they had the right to use the mountain pastures for their livestock. The Pidals filed a complaint against these villages on June 4, 1884, in the Court of First Instance of Puebla de Sanabria, and the case was then transferred to the Valladolid Audience, which ruled in favor of the family. All these villages, except Otero and Palacios, appealed to the Supreme Court, which in its ruling No. 143/1897 on June 28, 1897, again ruled in favor of the Pidal family. In the division of the inheritance of the first Marquis of Pidal, the mountains went to his son Alejandro, and after his death, they passed to his widow, Ignacia Bernardo de Quiros and Gonzalez de Cienfuegos. Through a public agreement on January 18, 1920, Ignacia sold the mountains to the residents of the villages, who...